Large-scale assessment in the United States for educational admissions, school and student accountability, and public policy is undergoing enormous pressure to change. This pressure is most evident with respect to high-stakes tests, like those used for grade promotion or college entrance.

New technology, revolving primarily around the Internet, will have the greatest influence because it - not measurement and not cognitive science - is pervading our society. If large scale assessment is not reinvented, today's paper assessment will become an anachronism.